Original Article
Crizotinib in ROS1-Rearranged Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
September 27, 2014DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1406766
Comments
open through October 4, 2014
Background
Chromosomal rearrangements of the gene encoding ROS1 proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1) define a distinct molecular subgroup of non–small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) that may be susceptible to therapeutic ROS1 kinase inhibition. Crizotinib is a small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), ROS1, and another proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase, MET.Methods
We enrolled 50 patients with advanced NSCLC who tested positive for ROS1 rearrangement in an expansion cohort of the phase 1 study of crizotinib. Patients were treated with crizotinib at the standard oral dose of 250 mg twice daily and assessed for safety, pharmacokinetics, and response to therapy. ROS1 fusion partners were identified with the use of next-generation sequencing or reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction assays.Results
The objective response rate was 72% (95% confidence interval [CI], 58 to 84), with 3 complete responses and 33 partial responses. The median duration of response was 17.6 months (95% CI, 14.5 to not reached). Median progression-free survival was 19.2 months (95% CI, 14.4 to not reached), with 25 patients (50%) still in follow-up for progression. Among 30 tumors that were tested, we identified 7 ROS1 fusion partners: 5 known and 2 novel partner genes. No correlation was observed between the type of ROS1 rearrangement and the clinical response to crizotinib. The safety profile of crizotinib was similar to that seen in patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC.Conclusions
In this study, crizotinib showed marked antitumor activity in patients with advanced ROS1-rearranged NSCLC. ROS1 rearrangement defines a second molecular subgroup of NSCLC for which crizotinib is highly active. (Funded by Pfizer and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00585195.)
当初30例に限ったサンプル調査だったものが、2012年12月の途中経過で14例中8例に効果を認めたため研究を拡大し50例になったというものである。最終的に73%に有効であるが、最初の30例では67%、追加の20例では80%が有効だったという。
ここで ROS-1融合症例についてまとめると
- 肺腺癌の1%に陽性
- 融合パートナーは様々
- ALK-EML4融合遺伝子陽性例とはかぶらない
- 肺癌以外に胆管癌、胃癌、卵巣癌、グリオブラストーマで陽性が報告
さて、気になるのは効き方であろうが、これが相手を選ばない、(fusion partnerによらない)というから素晴らしい。
「融合パートナーによる効果」
「CR3例を含む効果の程度 」
「全症例の有効期間」
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